Nginx+tomcat整合的安装与配置
目标:nginx处理静态页面，tomcat处理jsp页面
步骤：
1. 准备软件
apache-tomcat-6.0.26.tar.gz http://tomcat.apache.org/download-60.cgi
jdk-6u20-linux-i586.bin http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp
nginx-0.8.15.tar.gz http://nginx.org/en/download.html
pcre-7.9.tar.gz http://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/
以上软件放到/usr/local/目录下
2. 安装jdk
#cd /usr/local/
#./jdk-6u20-linux-i586.bin
输入yes,一直安装
配置环境变量
vi /etc/profile 按shift+g 跳到最后，添加一下代码
JAVA_HOME="/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_20"
CLASS_PATH="$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib"
PATH=".:$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin "
CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat"
export JAVA_HOME CATALINA_HOME
# source /etc/profile 让配置生效
3．安装tomcat
# cd /usr/local
# tar zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.18.tar.gz
# mv apache-tomcat-6.0.18 tomcat
# mkdir –p /home/www/web
# cp -rf /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/* /home/www/web/
修改/home/www/web/为网站目录
vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.conf
把Host name="localhost"处将appBase=的指向路径改为/home/www/web
#cd /usr/local/tomcat/bin
#./startup.sh
输入http://ip:8080看到猫的页面，说明tomcat安装成功。
3. 安装nginx
# cd /usr/local
# tar zxvf nginx-0.7.63.tar.gz
#./configure
#make && make install
# cd ..
# tar zxvf nginx-0.7.63.tar.gz
# cd nginx-0.7.63
#./configure --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
(启动server状态页和https模块)
#make && make install
4. 修改配置文件
nginx安装成功后的安装目录为/usr/local/nginx 在conf文件夹中新建proxy.conf，用于配置一些代理参数，内容如下：
#!nginx (-)
# proxy.conf
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; #获取真实ip
#proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; #获取代理者的真实ip
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
proxy_connect_timeout 90;
proxy_send_timeout 90;
proxy_read_timeout 90;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
编辑安装目录下conf文件夹中的nginx.conf，输入如下内容：
#运行nginx所在的用户名和用户组
#user www www;
#启动进程数
worker_processes 8;
#全局错误日志及PID文件
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
#工作模式及连接数上限
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
#设定http服务器，利用它的反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持
http
{
#设定mime类型
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/proxy.conf;
#charset gb2312;
#设定请求缓冲
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
# fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
# fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
# fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
# fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
# fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
# fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
# fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
# gzip on;
# gzip_min_length 1k;
# gzip_buffers 4 16k;
# gzip_http_version 1.0;
# gzip_comp_level 2;
# gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
# gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
###禁止通过ip访问站点
server{
server_name _;
return 404;
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.jsp;#设定访问的默认首页地址
root /home/www/web/ROOT;#设定网站的资源存放路径
#limit_conn crawler 20;
location ~ .*.jsp$ #所有jsp的页面均交由tomcat处理
{
index index.jsp;
proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;#转向tomcat处理
}
location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ #设定访问静态文件直接读取不经过tomcat
{
expires 30d;
}
location ~ .*.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}
#定义访问日志的写入格式
log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/localhost.log access;#设定访问日志的存放路径
}
}
5.验证配置文件是否正确：
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx –t
the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully
出现这个提示说明没有问题。
6.启动nginx，停止nginx
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
查看Nginx主进程号
ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}'
显示进程号
kill -HUP 6302 //杀掉主进程
停止nginx的命令
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop 或者
kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`
nginx启动好后启动tomcat，此时输入http://主机ip地址即可看到网站，默认nginx是80，tomcat是8080，但是现在通过80可以访问静态和动态页面。
7.status的查看
在/usr/local/naginx/conf/nginx.conf的server节点下添加如下代码
location /status {
stub_status on;
access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/status.log;
auth_basic "NginxStatus";
}
这样输入http://ip/status就能查看网站的并发连接数
8.压力测试
#wget http://gisblogs.net/upload/softs/webbench-1.5.tar.gz
#tar –zxvf webbench-1.5.tar.gz
#cd webbench-1.5
#mkdir –p /usr/local/man/man1
#make && make install
webbench -c 500 -t 30 http://www.***.com/test.jsp
参数说明：-c表示并发数，-t表示时间(秒)
对比观察服务器的资源消耗和status并发状态
目标:nginx处理静态页面，tomcat处理jsp页面
步骤：
1. 准备软件
apache-tomcat-6.0.26.tar.gz http://tomcat.apache.org/download-60.cgi
jdk-6u20-linux-i586.bin http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp
nginx-0.8.15.tar.gz http://nginx.org/en/download.html
pcre-7.9.tar.gz http://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/
以上软件放到/usr/local/目录下
2. 安装jdk
#cd /usr/local/
#./jdk-6u20-linux-i586.bin
输入yes,一直安装
配置环境变量
vi /etc/profile 按shift+g 跳到最后，添加一下代码
JAVA_HOME="/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_20"
CLASS_PATH="$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib"
PATH=".:$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin "
CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat"
export JAVA_HOME CATALINA_HOME
# source /etc/profile 让配置生效
3．安装tomcat
# cd /usr/local
# tar zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.18.tar.gz
# mv apache-tomcat-6.0.18 tomcat
# mkdir –p /home/www/web
# cp -rf /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/* /home/www/web/
修改/home/www/web/为网站目录
vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.conf
把Host name="localhost"处将appBase=的指向路径改为/home/www/web
#cd /usr/local/tomcat/bin
#./startup.sh
输入http://ip:8080看到猫的页面，说明tomcat安装成功。
3. 安装nginx
# cd /usr/local
# tar zxvf nginx-0.7.63.tar.gz
#./configure
#make && make install
# cd ..
# tar zxvf nginx-0.7.63.tar.gz
# cd nginx-0.7.63
#./configure --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
(启动server状态页和https模块)
#make && make install
4. 修改配置文件
nginx安装成功后的安装目录为/usr/local/nginx 在conf文件夹中新建proxy.conf，用于配置一些代理参数，内容如下：
#!nginx (-)
# proxy.conf
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; #获取真实ip
#proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; #获取代理者的真实ip
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
proxy_connect_timeout 90;
proxy_send_timeout 90;
proxy_read_timeout 90;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
编辑安装目录下conf文件夹中的nginx.conf，输入如下内容：
#运行nginx所在的用户名和用户组
#user www www;
#启动进程数
worker_processes 8;
#全局错误日志及PID文件
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
#工作模式及连接数上限
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
#设定http服务器，利用它的反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持
http
{
#设定mime类型
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/proxy.conf;
#charset gb2312;
#设定请求缓冲
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
# fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
# fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
# fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
# fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
# fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
# fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
# fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
# gzip on;
# gzip_min_length 1k;
# gzip_buffers 4 16k;
# gzip_http_version 1.0;
# gzip_comp_level 2;
# gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
# gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
###禁止通过ip访问站点
server{
server_name _;
return 404;
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.jsp;#设定访问的默认首页地址
root /home/www/web/ROOT;#设定网站的资源存放路径
#limit_conn crawler 20;
location ~ .*.jsp$ #所有jsp的页面均交由tomcat处理
{
index index.jsp;
proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;#转向tomcat处理
}
location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ #设定访问静态文件直接读取不经过tomcat
{
expires 30d;
}
location ~ .*.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}
#定义访问日志的写入格式
log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/localhost.log access;#设定访问日志的存放路径
}
}
5.验证配置文件是否正确：
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx –t
the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully
出现这个提示说明没有问题。
6.启动nginx，停止nginx
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
查看Nginx主进程号
ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}'
显示进程号
kill -HUP 6302 //杀掉主进程
停止nginx的命令
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop 或者
kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`
nginx启动好后启动tomcat，此时输入http://主机ip地址即可看到网站，默认nginx是80，tomcat是8080，但是现在通过80可以访问静态和动态页面。
7.status的查看
在/usr/local/naginx/conf/nginx.conf的server节点下添加如下代码
location /status {
stub_status on;
access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/status.log;
auth_basic "NginxStatus";
}
这样输入http://ip/status就能查看网站的并发连接数
8.压力测试
#wget http://gisblogs.net/upload/softs/webbench-1.5.tar.gz
#tar –zxvf webbench-1.5.tar.gz
#cd webbench-1.5
#mkdir –p /usr/local/man/man1
#make && make install
webbench -c 500 -t 30 http://www.***.com/test.jsp
参数说明：-c表示并发数，-t表示时间(秒)
对比观察服务器的资源消耗和status并发状态
